Co-distribution of Light At Night (LAN) and COVID-19 incidence in the United States

Abstract Background Light at night (LAN) as a circadian disruption factor may affect the human immune system and consequently increase an individual’s susceptibility to severity of infectious diseases, such COVID-19. COVID-19 infections spread differently in each state United States (US). The current analysis aimed test whether there is association between LAN cases 4 selected US states: Connecticut, New York, California, Texas. Methods We analyzed clustering patterns ArcMap performed multiple linear regression model using data incidence with adjustment for confounding variables including population density, percent below poverty, racial factors. Results Hotspots are located large cities or metro-centers all states. intensity associated cases/1 k overall lockdown durations York Connecticut ( P < 0.001), but not Texas California. case rates significantly 0.001) 0.001). Conclusions observed significant positive correlation cases-rate/1 k, suggesting that ambient light infection rate possibly by affecting functions. Furthermore, differences demographic structure policies different states play important role infections.